Evaluation of Iron Profile Status in Different Stages of Chronic Kidney Diseases (CKD)
Published: 2022-10-19
Page: 114-120
Issue: 2022 - Volume 5 [Issue 1]
Dilip Kumar Sah
Department of Nephrology, Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital Tankisinuwari, Morang, Nepal.
S. S. Haque *
Department of Biochemistry, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India.
Sweta Shah
Department of Obs and Gyenocology, Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital Tankisinuwari, Morang, Nepal.
Shyam Sundar Yadav
Department of Internal Medicine, Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital Tankisinuwari, Morang, Nepal.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background: Iron deficiency is common in Nepal due to low socioeconomic reason in pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients than in the hemodialysis population. Little is known about the iron indices in CKD patients in Nepal.
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the iron status among anemic pre-dialysis patients with different stages of CKD.
Patients and Methods: We used a cross-sectional study design to assess serum iron, ferritin, transferrin saturation (TSAT), and haemoglobin concentration in 70 pre-dialysis CKD patients with anaemia who came to our outpatient nephrology clinic. CKD was defined as a glomerular filtration rate less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 for 3 months or more, while anemia was defined as a hemoglobin concentration (Hb) less than 11 g/dl.
Results: The mean age of the study participants was 52.5 ± 13.2 years and 40 (57.1%) of the patients were males. The most common causes of CKD were diabetic nephropathy (45%) and hypertension (34%). The mean serum iron and mean TSAT were 95 ± 34.9 µg/dl and 28.9% ± 13.8%, respectively.
Conclusions: Anemia due to iron deficiency is a hallmark of different stages of CKD patients, mostly moderate in severity with serum creatinine level > 3.0 g/dl. Hemoglobin and other iron profile aggravates with progressive loss of kidney functions.
Keywords: Chronic kidney disease (CKD), iron profile, anemia